Which civil rights organization was founded in 1960 to coordinate and publicize sit-ins?

• A. Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
• B. National Organization for Women (NOW)
• C. United Farm Workers of America (UFW)
• D. American Indian Movement (AIM)

Answer: (A)

Organizing student-led, nonviolent action to challenge segregation. In 1960 a national group formed to coordinate and publicize sit-ins across campuses, inspired by the Greensboro sit-ins and the momentum of student activism. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee emerged to connect local actions into a nationwide network, train participants in nonviolent methods, and get media attention for the sit-ins. A key figure in shaping its approach was Ella Baker, who pushed for grassroots, student-led leadership and decentralized decision-making, so students could plan, carry out, and publicize actions themselves. This emphasis on coordinating sit-ins and raising their profile across the South is what defined the organization in its early years. The other groups—one focused on women's rights, another on farm workers, and another on Native American rights—were formed to pursue different goals and timing, not to coordinate sit-ins.