Which term describes the growth of cities and the migration of people into them?

• A. 16th Amendment
• B. Urbanization
• C. Muckraker
• D. Immigration

Answer: (B)

Urbanization describes the growth of cities and the migration of people into them. In the late 1800s and early 1900s, industrialization drew many workers from rural areas to urban centers in search of factory jobs, services, and better opportunities. Advances in transportation and technology made city life more feasible and attractive, leading to crowded neighborhoods, expanding infrastructure, and a shifting American landscape with cities like New York, Chicago, and Pittsburgh becoming industrial hubs.

The other terms refer to different ideas: the 16th Amendment relates to an income tax, muckrakers are journalists who exposed social problems during the Progressive Era, and immigration refers to people moving into a country rather than the growth and internal migration within a country’s urban areas. Urbanization best captures the process described in the question.